数詞
すうし · suushi · JLPT N1 · noun
numeral
🔢 数詞 = 数 (number) + 詞 (word): a word that names a number, like 一 or 二
Read the two parts separately: 数 is すう (number, count) and 詞 is し (word). Together すうし means numeral, the class of words used for counting.
数 — 婁 (lóu, phonetic) + 攵 (action radical)
数 is a phono-semantic compound. The right side 攵 (a hand holding a stick) suggests an action, originally tallying or counting by striking marks. The left side 婁 supplies the sound. Over time the meaning broadened from 'to count' to 'number' and 'several'.