後者
こうしゃ · kousha · JLPT N3 · noun
latter
後者 = after + one: the one mentioned after, so the latter
後 (go, kou) means after or behind, as in 午後 afternoon. 者 (sha) means person or one, as in 医者 doctor. It pairs with 前者 zensha, before + one, which means the former.
者 — old/elder 耂 + say 曰
Originally depicted sugarcane or a similar plant, but the form was reanalyzed as 耂 (old) over 曰 (say). It became a grammatical suffix meaning 'one who…' or 'the…thing,' nominalizing verbs and adjectives. Today 者 mainly marks agents or categories, as in 学者 'scholar' or 记者 'reporter.'