お母さん
おかあさん · okaasan · JLPT N5 · noun
mother
👩 お + 母 (mother) + さん = honourable Mrs Mother
The core is 母 (kaa), mother. お is a politeness prefix and さん is the same honorific as in Tanaka-san, so the word is literally honourable-mother-san. Drop both polite wrappers and you get plain 母 (haha), used for your own mother.
母 — pictograph of kneeling woman with two breast dots
母 is a pictograph derived from 女 (woman) with two added dots representing breasts, marking a nursing mother. The earliest oracle bone forms show a kneeling figure with prominent dots on the chest. The meaning has stayed remarkably stable, denoting 'mother' and by extension 'female' or 'source/origin'.