浓缩
nóng suō · HSK 7
to concentrate
☕ 浓 dense/thick + 缩 to shrink = boiled-down concentrate; also espresso
浓 means thick or dense (as in strong tea), 缩 means to shrink or contract. Together: liquid shrunk down into a dense form, i.e. concentrated. The coffee sense 浓缩咖啡 is literally concentrated coffee, which is espresso.
浓 — water 氵 + 农 (farming/phonetic)
A semantic-phonetic compound: the water radical 氵 supplies the meaning while 农 (nóng, 'farming') gives the sound. Originally described liquids that were thick or dense like heavy dew, then extended to anything concentrated — strong tea, rich flavors, or deep colors.
缩 — silk radical 糹 + 宿 (lodge, phonetic)
A semantic-phonetic compound. The silk radical 糹 carries the meaning, since shrinking and tightening were associated with drawing in cords or fabric. The right side 宿 (sù) supplies the sound. The original sense of binding cloth tight extended to the modern meaning 'to shrink' or 'contract.'