围墙
wéiqiáng · HSK 7
enclosing wall
🧱 围墙 = 围 surround/enclose + 墙 wall = a wall that encloses
围 means to surround or enclose (same 围 as in 包围 'to surround'); 墙 is wall. Put them together and you get the wall that rings a yard or compound — an enclosing wall.
围 — enclosure 囗 + wéi 韦 (phonetic)
围 is a semantic-phonetic compound. The outer 囗 ('enclosure') gives the meaning of surrounding or enclosing, while 韦 supplies the sound. The traditional form 圍 shows the same structure; 围 is its simplified version. Core sense: to surround, encircle, or enclose.
墙 — earth radical 土 + 啬 (qiáng/sè) phonetic
墙 is a semantic-phonetic compound. The earth radical 土 signals the meaning, since ancient walls were built from packed earth or mud bricks. The right side 啬 supplies the sound, originally depicting a granary, hinting at enclosing and storing. Together they form 'wall'.