分外
fèn wài · HSK 7
exceptionally
⚡ 分 (divide) + 外 (outside) = beyond the norm, exceptionally
What goes outside the divided portions is extra, beyond what's expected. Hence two meanings: exceptionally (going beyond normal) and not one's job (outside one's share of duties).
分 — knife 刀 + eight 八 (split apart)
分 originally depicted a knife (刀) cutting something into two parts, shown by 八 above (which itself meant 'divide'). The core sense is 'to divide' or 'split', from which extended meanings like 'portion', 'minute', and 'part' developed. Pronounced fèn, it carries the sense of an allotted share.
外 — evening 夕 + divination 卜
Originally a compound of 夕 (evening) and 卜 (divination). Ancient Chinese divinations were performed in the morning; doing them at evening (夕) was considered irregular or 'outside' the norm. From this sense of deviation, 外 came to mean 'outside' or 'external'.